Present Participle
Apa sih itu Present Participle ??? apa gunanya dalam sebuah kalimat ?? bagaimana cara membentuknya ? masih bingung atau belum tahu ?? yuk simak pembahasannya berikut ini ..
Participle
adalah kata kerja yang berakhiran –ing dan –d / ed yang berfungsi
sebagai kata kerja atau kata sifat.
Participle dibagi menjadi dua (2) yaitu Present Participle and Past
Participle. Present Participle adalah bentuk kata kerja
yang berakhiran –ing, sedangkan Past Participle adalah
bentuk kata kerja yang berakhiran –d / -ed dan bentuk kata
kerja ketiga (Verb 3) yang tidak beraturan.
Present
Participle and Past Participle bisa berfungsi sebagai :
1. The verb of the sentence (kata kerja
dalam kalimat)
2. The adjective (kata sifat)
3. The adverb (kata keterangan)
4. Present Participle and Past Participle
diletakkan setelah kata kerja lain (other verbs) dan ungkapan (expressions)
A.
Present Participle as the verb of the sentence (kata kerja dalam kalimat)
Present
Participle sebagai kata kerja dalam kalimat bisa dijumpai dalam kalimat yang
menggunakan Continous / Progressive Tenses.
E.g :
I
am listening to music.
Have you
been staying there for six months ?
Were
you editing my photo when I came ?
How long has
he been waiting for you ?
B.
Participle as the adjective (kata sifat)
The adjective bisa digunakan sebagai the modifier of the noun (penjelas
kata benda), the complement of the sentence (pelengkap kalimat) dan dalam
bentuk adjective phrases (frase yang menjelaskan kata
benda).
1.
The adjective berfungsi sebagai penjelas kata benda (the modifier of the
noun)
Present Participle bisa digunakan sebagai
penjelas kata benda. Present Participle menjelaskan sifat (characteristic)
benda tersebut dan biasanya merupakan sifat permanen (permanent
characteristic).
Present
Participle + The Noun
E.g :
Chika
loves blooming flowers.
Autumn
is often signed by falling leaves.
Did
you get satisfying service ?
Contoh lain :
- shining hair
|
- developing country
|
- burning sun
|
- haunting house
|
- talking toy
|
- running text
|
- flying bird
|
- challenging game
|
- embarrasing moment
|
- boiling water
|
- fascinating journey
|
- confusing decision
|
- glittering snow
|
- rising star
|
- sparkling white
|
- moving objects
|
- exciting trip
|
- tiring cup
|
- disappointing score
|
- inspiring words
|
- awakening people
|
- annoying room
|
- boring room
|
- etc...
|
Ketika
Present Participle digunakan sebagai penjelas kata benda, Present Participle
mengandung makna aktif (me / ber) dan juga continous (sedang).
E.g :
Growing
up girl (gadis yang sedang tumbuh)
Falling
leaves (daun-daun yang sedang berguguran)
Boiling water
(air yang sedang mendidih)
Amazing
building (bangunan yang menakjubkan)
Confusing
words (kata – kata yang membingungkan)
Running
text (teks yang berjalan)
2.
The adjective berfungsi sebagai pelengkap kalimat (the complement of the
sentence)
Present Participle bisa digunakan sebagai pelengkap kalimat (the
complement of the sentence). Ketika Present Participle digunakan sebagai
pelengkap kalimat bisa diletakkan setelah BE / LINKING VERBS.
Present Participle selalu mengandung makna
aktif (me / ber).
a.
Subject + be + Present Participle
E.g :
What
job is very tiring ?
Her
face is very frightening.
English
was not interesting when I was in high school.
Will
their performance be entertaining ?
Your
decision was disappointing.
Is our
trip exciting ?
b. Subject + Linking Verb + Present / Past
Participle
Linking verbs yang biasa diikuti oleh
Participle adalah :
Seem,
look, feel, appear, get, become, sound.
E.g :
This
job looks very tiring.
The
lesson seems boring.
Do the
flowers become fading ?
The
games sound interesting.
I
feel challenging.
3. The
adjective dalam bentuk Adjective Phrases.
A phrase (frase) adalah kumpulan kata yang mempunyai arti. The adjective
phrase adalah frase yang menjelaskan / mendiskripsikan kata benda.
The adjective phrase dibentuk dari the
adjective clause dengan cara menghilangkan the adjective clause.
Langkah
– langkah untuk menghilangkan the adjective clause menjadi the adjective phrase
:
1. Hilangkan Relative Pronoun (khususnya
Relative pronoun untuk subject : who, that, which)
2. Ganti kata kerja di adjective clause
dengan menggunakan Participle.
- Present
Participle digunakan untuk the adjective clause yang mengandung makna Active
(me / ber).
E.g :
The
highway that goes to president palace is closed for public.
Adjective
clause
The
highway going to president palace is closed for
public.
Adjective
phrase
The
judge who denied being bribed made s press conference to
clarify.
Adjective
clause
The
judge denying being bribed made s
press conference to clarify.
Adjective
phrase
The
an old man who can’t walk after getting stroke spends his life
on a bed.
Adjective
clause
The
an old man not being able to walk after getting stroke spends
his life on a bed.
Adjective
phrase
Catatan :
Present
Participle dalam bentuk the adjective phrase tidak digunakan jika
the adjective clause nya untuk object (whom,which), possessive (whose), atau
keterangan (when, where, why).
C.
Present Participle after other verbs and expressions.
Present Participle bisa ditempatkan
setelah kata kerja tertentu dan juga ungkapan – ungkapan (expressions).
1.Present
Participle bisa diletakkan setelah kata kerja indra (the verbs of sensation)
Present Participle bisa diletakkan setelah
kata kerja : see, feel, smell, hear, listen to, look at, watch, observe
dan notice.
Subject + Verbs of sensation + Object +
Present / Past Participle.
Present Participle mengandung makna Active
(me/ber) .
E.g :
I can see
the pain living in your eyes.
Do you feel
my heart beating ?
I hear a
girl screaming loudly.
Did you
notice a man drawing ?
Catatan :
The verbs of sensation juga bisa
diikuti oleh Bare Infinitive, kecuali feel dan smell.
Bare infinitive setelah the verbs of
sensation mengacu seluruh aktivitas dari awal sampai akhir (a whole action)
sedangkan Present Participle mengacu sebagian dari kegiatan (a part of the
action).
E.g :
Asri
watched his father change the tire of his motorbike.
(Asri berada di dekat ayahnya dari awal
sampai selesai).
Asri watched
his father changing the tire of his motorbike.
(Asri berada di dekat ayahnya tapi tidak
sampai selesai, hanya melihat sekilas).
2.
Present Participle after leave, catch, and find.
Present Participle bisa ditempatkan
setelah kata kerja : leave, catch, and find.
Subject + leave, catch, find + Object +
Present Participle
E.g :
Police
caught some teenagers partying drugs and heavy drinks.
A
fisherman found a dead body floating in the river.
Kata catch dan find juga bisa menunjukkan
ketidaksenangan (displeasure)
Rose
caught her fiance making affair with another woman.
Mona
found her roomate reading her diary book.
3.Present Participle
after sit, stand, lie.
Present Participle bisa diletakkan setelah
kata sit, stand, lie.
Subject + sit, stand, lie + The expressions
of the place + Present Participle
E.g :
Bea is sitting under the tree reading a
novel.
Klara
lay on the couch resting.
4.
Presen t Participle after spend and waste.
Present Participle bisa diletakkan setelah
kata : spend and waste.
Subject + spend, waste + The expressions of
the time / money + Present Participle
E.g :
They always spent their free time
helping others.
I
will spent my time loving you.
Sheilla wants
to spent her money giving free education for the
orphans.
Don’t waste
your time hanging out !
My
mother will spent her money buying a new washing machine.
5.
Presentt Participle after have and get.
Present Participle bisa diletakkan
setelah kata : have dan get.
Distruktur kalimat ini Have dan Get
memiliki arti Meminta atau Menyuruh.
Subject + have, get + Object + Present
Participle
E.g :
The
song has us crying.
Have
you got the driver driving ?
I got
my friend throwing the rubbish away.
6.
Present Participle after be busy
Subject + be / linking verb +
busy + Present Participle
E.g :
Many
university graduates are busy finding a good job.
He
is always busy looking for a new girlfriend.
Are
you busy earning money ?
They
look busy working, don’t they ?
7.Present
Partiiciple after have a hard / difficult time.
Subject + have a hard / difficult time +
Present Participle
E.g :
Tia
had a hard time deciding where to study after her high school.
Luna
has a hard time washing on Sundays.
He
had a difficult time finishing his painting.
I
have a difficult time cooking seblak.
D.
Participle as the adverb in the adverb phrase
Present Participle bisa digunakan dalam Adverb (keterangan) dalam bentuk
Adverb Phrase.
Present Participle menunjukkan (mengandung
makna) : cause (alasan), result / effect (hasil), manner (cara), condition
(syarat) dan menunjukkan waktu seperti before (sebelum), after (setelah), when
(ketika), while (sementara/sambil), since (sejak).
1.Present
Participle menunjukkan sebab (cause)
E.g :
Because
Fathin does not continue her study at university, Fathin takes a language
course.
Adverbial
clause
Not
continuing her study at university, Fathin takes a language course.
Adverbial
phrase
2. Present Participle
menunjukkan hasil (result/efect)
E.g :
Fatma
rode his motorbike quickly, so he got an accident.
Adverb
clause
Fatma
rode his motorbike quickly, getting an accident.
Adverb
phrase
(Fatma naik motor kencang, sehingga
kecelakaan)
3. Present Participle menujukkan cara
(manner)
E.g :
Dropping
her tears,
Anita tries to fool everyone.
(Dengan meneteskan air matanya, Anita
mencoba membodohi setiap orang)
Singing from
door to door,
that oldman earned money for his living.
4. Present Participle menunjukkan syarat
(condition)
E.g :
Having
enough savings, she will take a tour around the country.
(Jika mempunayi tabungan yang cukup, dia
akan bertamasya keliling negara).
5. Participle menunjukkan waktu (time)
E.g :
Taking
off his clothes,
Jody jumped to the pool for swimming.
(Setelah melepas bajunya, Jody melompat ke
kolam untuk berenang).
Reading the
instructions,
father turned on his new TV. Or
Having
read the instruction, father turned on his new TV.
Doing some
work,
she always prays.
(Sebelum mengerjakan sesuatu, dia
selalu berdoa).
Nah itulah penjelasan mengenai Pengertian Macam dan Contoh Present Participle ...
Terima kasih telah berkunjung, Semoga Bermanfaat : )
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