Noun Compounds (Pembentukan Kata Benda)

Noun Compounds ( Pembentukan Kata Benda )

         Sebuah kata terkadang terbentuk dari sebuah kata lain yang ditambahi oleh kata lain. Begitu pula untuk noun atau kata benda. Lalu seperti apa ya pembentukan kata benda ? yuk langsung saja baca dan nambah ilmu ....

1. Noun Compounds

                1.1  Subject and Verb Compounds

SUNRISE Subject  +   deverbal noun ~ the sun rises Very productive type	bee – sting catcall daybreak earth quake frostbite headache heartbeat landslide nightfall rainfall sound change tootache, etc.
RATTLENSNAKE Verb   +   subject ~ the snake rattles Only weakly productive type	crybaby driftwood drip coffe flashlight glowworm hangman playboy popcorn stinkweed tugboat turntable watchdog, etc.
DANCING GIRL Verb  noun in-ing  +  subject ~ the girl dances	cleaning woman firing squad flying machine investigating committe wading bird washing machine working party, etc.

                1.2  Verb and Object  Compounds

BLOODTEST Object  +  deverbal  noun ~X tes’s blood ~ the testing of blood ; suicide attempt ~ an attempt at suicide Moderately productive type. Self is a frequent first element.	count nouns book review crime report haircut handshake suicide attempt tax cut, etc.		(primarily) mass nouns birth – control dress – deisgn meat delivery office management steel production self-control self-destruction self-determination, etc.
SIGHTSEEING (of App 1.54, man-eating) ~ X object + agential noun in-er sees sight ~ the seeing of sights (Number is neutralized in the compound.) This type is very productive. It consists of abstract compounds refering to human activity town-planing, etc.	air conditioning book-reviewing book-keeping brainwashing dressmaking faultfinding housekeeping letter-writing oath-taking story-telling
TAXPAYER Object + agential noun in-er ~ X pays tax (es) Very productive type,wich designates concrete (usually human) agents. Note however diswasher, lawn-mower, penholder, record-player.    Neutralization of number is normal, of : cigar smoker. ~ X smokes cigars, etc.		cigar smoker computer-designer crime reporter gamekeeper gate-crasher hair-splitter languange teacher matchmaker radio-operator songwriter stokholder window-cleaner, etc.
CALL GIRL Verb  +  object ~ X calls the girl (-the girls on call)		drawbridge knitwear mincemeat pin-up girl punchcard push-button scarecrow treadmill, etc
CHEWING GUM Verbal noun in-ing  +  adverbial ~ X chews gum ~ gum for chewing		cooking apple drinking-water eating apple reading material spending money, etc

                1.3  Verb and Adverbial  Compounds

SWIMMING POOL Verbal noun in-ing  +  adverbial       (consisting of a prepositional phrase) ~ X swims in  the pool ~ a pool for swmimming A very productive type.	PLACE diving board (dive from a board) drinking cup (drink out of a cup) freezing point (freeze at a point) frying pan (Bre: fry in a pan) hiding-place (hide in a place) living room (live in a room) typing paper (type on paper) waiting room (wait in a room) writing desk (write at a desk) OTHER adding machine (add with a machine)  baking powder (bake with powder) carving knife (carve with a knife) sewing machine (sew with a machine) walking stick (walk with a stick) washing machine (wash with  machine), etc.
DAYDREAMING Adverbial  +  abstract verbal noun in-ing - X dreams - dreaming	PLACE churchgoing (go to church) horse riding (ride on a horse) rope-dancing (dance on a rope) sun-bathing (bathe in the sun) TIME Sleepwalking (walk in one’s sleep) OTHER fly-fishing (fish with a fly) handwriting (write by  hand) shadow-boxing (box against a shadow), etc.
BABY-SITTER Adverbial  +  agential noun in –er ~ X sits with the baby Moderately productive type	PLACE blackswimmer (swim on the black) city-dweller (dwell in the city) factory-worker (work  in a factory) housebreaker (break into a house) playgoer (go to a play) rope-dancer (dance on a rope) sun-bather (bathe in the sun) theatre-goer (go to the theatre) TIME daydreamer (dream during the day), etc.
HOMEWROK Adverbial  +  deverbal noun ~ X works at home Moderately productive type. Most examples are countables :    boat-rides, etc. Compare gunfight here with gunfighting, which is of the daydreaming type.	PLACE boat-ride (ride in a boat) field-work (work in the field) home-work (work at home) table talk (talk at the table) moon walk (walk on the moon) TIME daydream (dream during the day) night flight (fly during the night) OTHER gunflight (fight with a gun) smallpox vaccination (vaccinate against smallpox) tax-exemption (exempt from tax) thelephone call (call on the thelephone), etc.
SEARCHLIGHT Verb  +  adverbial ~ X searches with a light	PLACE dance hall (dance in a hall) springboard (spring from a board) workbench (work at bench) OTHER grindstone (grind with a stone) plaything (play with a thing), etc.

                1.4  Verbaless  Compounds

WINDMILL Noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun1 [powers / operates] noun2; ~ the wind powers the mill TOY FACTORY ~ noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun1 [powers / operates] noun2; ~ the factory produces toys	air-brake air rifle cable car hidrogen bomb motorcycle steam engine, etc. honey – bee oil well power plant silkworm tear gas textile mill water pistol, etc
BLOODSTAIN noun1  +  noun2 noun1 [powers / yields] noun2; ~ the blood produces stains	bloodstain cane sugar eiderdown food poisoning gaslight hay fever sawdust tortoise-shell water spot whalebone, etc.
DOORKNOB noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun1 [has] noun2 ~ the door has a knob A very productive type. noun1 is inanimate. Animate nouns have the –s genitive : compare the table leg with the boy’s leg.	arrowhead bedpost bottleneck (metaphorical) cartwheel piano keys shirt-sleeves table leg telephone receiver television screen window-pane, etc.
GIRL-FRIEND noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun2 [is] noun1 ~ the friend is  a girl noun1 refers to a subspecies of the species donated by	animate nouns drummer boy killer shark manservant pussy-cat woman writer, etc.	inanimate nouns blinker light feeder bus oak tree pine tree tape measure, etc.
DARKROOM Adjective  +  noun ~ noun [is] adjective ~ the room is dark	blackboard blueprint double-talk dry-dock handyman hothouse longboat madman, etc.
FROGMAN noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun2 [is like] noun1 ~ the man is like a frog A very productive type.	butter-bean catfish dragonfly goldfish kettledrum sandwich-man tissue paper T~square, etc.
SNOWLAKE noun1  +  noun2 ~ noun2 [is for] noun1 ~ the tray is for ash This highly productive type expresses purpose. It is similar to th swimming pool and searchlight types, which however have sentential analogues with verbs.	birdcage breakfast time coffee time cough drops cowshed doghouse facecloth fire engine fish-pond flowerbed flypaper safety belt tearoom, etc.

Note : The difference beetween teacup ( ~ ’cup for tea’) and cup ot tea (~ ‘ cup containing tea ‘) is paralleled in flowerpot, maatchbox, winebottle, and soup plate, etc.

                1.5  Bahuvrihi  Compounds

PAPERBACK Is a  ‘bahuvrihi compound’in that it names an entire thing by specifying some feature of it. Thus a paperback is a’book which has a paper back’, an egghead is ‘a person who has a head like an egg’, ie, ‘an intelectual’.

noun  +  noun birdbrain blockhead butterfingers featherbrain featherweight hunchback pot-belly, etc

adjective  +  noun bluebell fathead hardhat (‘contruction worker) hardtop heavyweight highbrow loudmouth paleface redcap, etc

Nah, itulah pembahasan mengenai Noun Compounds (Pembentukan Kata Benda) ..

       Terima kasih telah berkunjung,   Semoga bermanfaat : )